Wednesday, December 8, 2010
Unilever's sustainability programme - Watch and learn
Image source
Last week Unilever presented its 10-year sustainability programme.
I heard that Unilever will not look anymore for short-term revenues, it will only focus in long term sustainability. This line of thought is based on the fact that it is not sustainable an ever-growing company.
The efforts are also connected to carbon footprint, water usage, waste management, energy efficiency and many other areas. Even Unilever wants to face the challenge of providing enough quality food for the BRIC countries (Brazil, India and China).
At first sight, Unilever's effort seems to me completely revolutionary and innovative (also P&G has similar sustainability programs), but after a closer look... In my opinion this is what national companies have been doing for the last 50 years.
The main issue of this post is: nowadays the private companies want to behave as a public owned company!!!
Lets take a look to PEQUIVEN and SABIC, two national petrochemical companies, which business is somewhat similar to Unilever, in the sense of providing solutions to end-customers needs.
The purpose of this companies has never been financial performance but provide a sustainable future for their stakeholders (in this case the coming generations of Saudi Arabia and Venezuela). To achieve this objective it has been necessary to invest against general opinion (low term revenue), taking the risk of financial exposure.
The end result is far from being clear, but my expected outcome is that they will behave as a cashcow during the bad times, and as a commercial success on the good ones.
Finally nothing more to be said than good luck to Unilever.
Sunday, November 7, 2010
Saul Ameliach named again as Pequiven's CEO
According to El Universal, Saul Ameliach is back. After approximately one year of Inciarte as the president of Pequiven, a presidential order has named Ameliach as the first person of the company.
The last actions of Inciarte administration as I recall them were to launch the "Saman" software, and to expropiate fertinitro.
To my understanding, this nationalization has been in studies for many years, but having several stakeholders with different interest delay the negotiations.
The fact is that Ameliach is back and time will tell which path does Pequiven follows from now on.
Sunday, June 27, 2010
Business Monitor International: "Brazil Petrochemicals Report Q3 2010" - Some thoughts about it
Image source
After reading this website, I would like to make some comment about Brazilian situation and compare it with Venezuela.
- Brazilian policies have proven so far to be succesful.
- Petrochemical business are no longer looking directly to exports, but domestic market (fueled by coming Olympics and World Cup), is increasingly important.
- Market funds specialists recomends to invest in three different places: China, India and Brazil.
Brazil actual position could offer competitive prices, but the real challenge is to offer differentiated position, a long chain of added value. R&D opportunities are huges.
Venezuela in the other hand, could benefit in the surge of polyolefins demand in Brazil, by strenghtening cooperation mechanism, petrochemical business in Venezuela should offer solution to some of the Brazilian challenges. A well planned strategy, focusing on regional integration and cost differentiation.
Finally, for both countries, Venezuela and Brazil, they have to focus in the long added value in petrochemical business. If one of the links is missing, the potential could be undermined.
Monday, June 7, 2010
Recycling policies in Venezuela
Image source
This is a rough translation from this information first made by Javier Brassesco.
The "Law of Integrated Waste Management and Solid Waste" was approved in January (first discussion), and several organizations are waiting for the National Assembly's invitation to participate in the "street parliamentarism" a prerequisite for the second discussion.
The Venezuelan Confederation of Industries (Conindustria) made a very technical analysis of this law in its website (www.Conindustria.org) where it identified a number of inaccuracies and inconsistencies and suggests amendments to some of its 164 articles.
There is clear that one of the items of greatest concern to the industry produces is number 42 of this law, which establishes that "(...) the producers, distributors and marketers of consumer products must implement programs return to ensure the effective reuse or recycle 100% of their packages within three months. "
In Conindustria argue that this obligation cannot be followed, because the country lacks the capacity to process recycle all packaging produced, let alone in the midst of a national electricity crisis.
The main complain is because it represents an attack on the producers of goods, while some punitive provisions (Article 151) are described as exaggerated , which among other things talks about the partial or total occupation of those places where inadequate waste management is carried out.
Tuesday, June 1, 2010
Clark Inciarte is back
Yes, the blog has fallen again into rumors and this is another mistake, so lets repair it.
Clark Inciarte is still Pequiven's CEO.
Clark Inciarte is still Pequiven's CEO.
Saturday, May 22, 2010
Clark Inciarte's legacy in Pequiven
Clark Inciarte was designated as Pequiven's CEO in august 2009.
And by a recent Chavez decision he is no longer the head of Pequiven.
To be able to assess his legacy the following assumptions were made:
The CEO's has a tight control with the Public Relations office of the company.
By taking a look at the news from august 2008 to august 2009 we will obtaine Ameliach's Pequiven, and from august 2009 to today, we will have Inciarte's vision of Pequiven.
The result of the news survey is:
The different colors correspond either to Ameliach or Inciarte, and the height of the bars correspond to a measure of how many newspaper published (M. P.) the same information. Therefore if 8 different newspaper published an increase in fertilizant output the bar will be higher than if only 2 newspaper did it.
By taking a look at the graph you can notice that Inciarte came in the worst moment for the projects, and didn't have it easy either with the labor unions.
It is important to notice that Ameliach didn't suffer any energy cuts, while at the beginning of this year, Pequiven had to save up to 20% of energy
The international donations of Petrocasas also stopped with Inciarte. The fertilizing business was more important, or at least it received more attention from the press. Concerning social responsability, it seems that Ameliach performed better. Corruption is bad for both administrations
Apparently, Inciarte's reality went different as Chavez's reality, as the social responsability and Petrocasas investment indicates, and this could be a more plausible cause than to act by himself without the government permission.
And by a recent Chavez decision he is no longer the head of Pequiven.
To be able to assess his legacy the following assumptions were made:
The CEO's has a tight control with the Public Relations office of the company.
By taking a look at the news from august 2008 to august 2009 we will obtaine Ameliach's Pequiven, and from august 2009 to today, we will have Inciarte's vision of Pequiven.
The result of the news survey is:
The different colors correspond either to Ameliach or Inciarte, and the height of the bars correspond to a measure of how many newspaper published (M. P.) the same information. Therefore if 8 different newspaper published an increase in fertilizant output the bar will be higher than if only 2 newspaper did it.
By taking a look at the graph you can notice that Inciarte came in the worst moment for the projects, and didn't have it easy either with the labor unions.
It is important to notice that Ameliach didn't suffer any energy cuts, while at the beginning of this year, Pequiven had to save up to 20% of energy
The international donations of Petrocasas also stopped with Inciarte. The fertilizing business was more important, or at least it received more attention from the press. Concerning social responsability, it seems that Ameliach performed better. Corruption is bad for both administrations
Apparently, Inciarte's reality went different as Chavez's reality, as the social responsability and Petrocasas investment indicates, and this could be a more plausible cause than to act by himself without the government permission.
Tuesday, May 18, 2010
Pequiven and Petrocasas: some facts and figures
Image source
This is a translation of a previous post.
The Petrocasas' project has always caught my attention. Most people in Venezuela, with some entrepreneurship flame in their hearts, think about building houses. There are around 2,500,000 families without a house simply because they aren´t any available.
The questions I want to answer in this post are:
- How much PVC does the Petrocasa project consumes?
- How much percentage is this consumption compared with total PVC production?
These are the facts:
A Petrocasa factory consumes about 3 tons of material per house.
It can consume around 400 kg/hour of raw materials.
Venezuela produces around 180 mty of PVC
If all Venezuelan PVC production is used to build Petrocasas you can build 60.000 houses.
The project goal is to built 15.000 houses/year, consuming around 30 - 45 mty of PVC. Consequently an 20% of national PVC production!!!.
As an ending note, if PVC production does not increase, the Petrocasas project can be compromised.
Monday, May 3, 2010
They are not random news, its a trend
Image source
Petrochemicals project all around the world are being reconsidered or cancelled.
We hear that in Saudi Arabia project in Ras Tanura is being downsized and possible changed to a different location.
We also hear that in Qatar the Honam quits a 2.63 bln project planned. The excuse? Global financial crisis.
So, my thoughts about it... The same as latest SABIC Europe CEO, in its last speech before leaving the company: "The chemical business is a cyclical one, everybody knows it, but yet it strikes me how many people still don´t understand this situation and act according to it".
Friday, April 30, 2010
Braskem to review all investments in Venezuela
Image source
It was obvious, but yet still, I didn´t want to see, Braskem is reconsidering all its investments in Venezuela, in order to adapt them to the new global reality.
What is this new global reality?
- The plastic consumers do not look for added value.
- The old saying: "Think global, act local" has been replaced.
In my opinion, the previous investments were already in line with today´s reality. This information, for me, is not more than a pateada de ahogado, something that simply will die, and is still trying someway to survive.
Thursday, April 15, 2010
PVC in Venezuela
Image source
Ok, I will translate one of previous entries in spanish.
The PVC or polyvinyl chloride is +30 year polymer product. In all these the process has become much safer (the monomer is a known carcinogenic compound), and their application are broader and broader. Their biggest blow was when it was forbidden to use it to contain potable water. Specifically its production in Venezuela started in 1979, and currently has an installed capacity of 190 MTA (which it expected to double by 2013).
The internal demand of PVC in Venezuela is about the 200 MTA, therefore there is little export margin. Although when those new capacity comes online, Venezuela will produce the double of its consumption and approximately an 20% of all the latinamerican market.
However, comparing the use of PVC in Venezuela, by CONAPRI figures, 80% of the production is used in piping. Comparing this percentage with other regions, apparently there is a huge margin for development. In fact, the so called "Petrocasas", are a good step.
In my opinion, more interest should be focused in producing PVC profiles and packaging.
Saturday, April 10, 2010
Some thoughts about venezuelan plastic market
Image source
As I previously said in the blog, the petrochemical business (polymers) is intrinsically linked to the end user consumption.
In order to select the best method or technology to produce any polymer, and market study has to be done to determine the trends of the consumers.
In the middle east for example, an ExxonMobil technology, which has the best cost position and high tonnage its selected.
In india, because some cultural particularities, its a batchwise process because of the numerous (over 100 I think) different grades they have to produce in a single plant.
In the Netherlands the polymers companies needs also to compete beside a cost position, to a differentiation position.
Now, How should a Venezuelan polymer producer company should behave in order to please the domestic market?
The example is the tooth-paste, I was amazed to find in Europe the toothpaste in which the cup have to be completely loosen from the tube in order to get paste out. It was different from Venezuela where everything is linked to an easy-to-open easy-to-close cup.
So the answer to the question is: similar to the US, the venezuelan consumer adopt very easily the packaging preferences of the american consumer.
Sunday, April 4, 2010
Update - Braskem - Pequiven is reconsidering polyolefin plant location in Venezuela
Image source
According to this source
Braskem intention is to relocate the PP plant from Jose petrochemical complex to Falcon. The production capacity its expected to be now 300 mta (from previous 450 mta). This reduction in the production capacity is indeed strange. I could only speculate in the reasons of it.
- Lack of propylene.
- Lack of market for high volumes of PP.
- To reduce capital expenses.
The 3bn project is still going, but IMO, somewhat delayed. The reason of the delay? Difficulties for funding and global crysis. This information was provided by Braskem CEO, so it can be trusted.
Update: the third reason appear to be the correct one, if built in Jose, an propane dehydrograntion plant is needed. In order to reduce the capital expenses, is it better to move the project to Falcon and use the FCC propylene rich streams.
Saturday, March 27, 2010
PDVSA and PEQUIVEN, is it better for Venezuela to merge them?
Image source
Pequiven historically has been part of PDVSA business, it was about 8 years ago when Pequiven was decided to be completely independent from PDVSA. After this decision was made, the 3bn projects were announced and Venezuela as a petrochemical global player was announced.
Today, as it has been discussed here, some of the projects could be suspended, and there is some rumors about Pequiven going back as a filial of PDVSA.
If we take the examples of POC (Private Oil Companies), we can find both models, TOTAL's whose petrochemicals brand is somewhat independent and ExxonMobil whose petrochemical business is totally dependant to the rest of the group.
In the NOC (National Oil Companies) examples, Saudi Arabia has everything. SABIC (partially private company) is independent from Saudi Aramco and also Saudi Aramco itself is pursuing a very ambitious petrochemical project.
In short words, no structure has emerged as the optimal and crucial one. In the blogger opinion, the petrochemical business should be separated from the Refining and extraction business, however the plants should be completely integrated and sinergy should exist between them.
The nature of the petrochemical business is intrinsically different from oil and refining business. If the decision-making for both parties is under the command of the same office, it will harm the correct development of the business.
In this way of thinking, I am not excluding close cooperation between some office of PEQUIVEN and PDVSA, but complete subordination of the first should not happen.
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Venezuela, joint ventures, petrochemicals and oil.
Image: aca
After reading short gossip, Shell has said that the big oil companies are not interested anymore in doing business in Venezuela. The politic environment in the country is simply not good.
Although for an oil business is not necessarily bad news (Saudi Aramco, the NOC from Saudi Arabia is capable to develop a project equivalent to the whole venezuelan oil production), for Venezuela and specially for its petrochemical business -in my opinion- is bad news.
The political partners of Venezuela, who have developed their petrochemical business are Brazil and Iran, but they are not technology licensors, and our petrochemical projects will be "their" petrochemical projects.
Como muestra un botón: Brazil (Braskem) its reconsidering the location of the PP plant (previously planned in Jose), will be the new location in Venezuela?
Thursday, March 11, 2010
Pequiven and Braskem are reconsidering the location of the PP plant
Apparently this breaking new will go into the mainstream in the next few days. More information to come...
Sunday, March 7, 2010
Works for PEQUIVEN's petrochemical projects suspended
Picture taken from here
Information in spanish here.
The petrochemical projects that we have been blogging about before, apparently has been suspended, since the workers in charge of the preparation of the land has been fired. And furthermore, but they have not received their payment.
This information could delay the projects. In the petrochemical business, as well as many others, being in the right place at the right time is very important. If the venezuelan economy is looking again to export, it should put more effort in the advantages that the country has.
P.S:. 180 people just for land preparation? sounds like a lot of people for me. But again... I am no expert.
Monday, March 1, 2010
El panorama 2010
Imagen de aca
Información del este excelente blog:
El outlook para 2010, es malo y sombrío, y he aquí la opinión de los CEO's de las compañías de petroquímica más grandes del mundo:
Akzo Nobel. "La recuperación es frágil y será lenta".
BASF."Lo peor está detrás de nosotros, a pesar de las nubes negras siguen estando ahí".
BP."El ritmo de la recuperación económica mundial será lento y gradual".
Bayer."Espera que los impactos de la recesión de 2009 en los negocios globales se sigan sintiendo durante algún tiempo".
Clariant. "No veo ninguna razón fundamental para que la economía crezca".
Cytec."Los mercados están bien extraños ahora. Mejoran durante un par de meses, y luego bajan un poco."
DowChemical. "El crecimiento tardará en llegar a los EE.UU. y Europa, sin embargo, como el alto desempleo persiste y las preguntas sobre la sostenibilidad de los gastos de estímulo del gobierno plantean un escenario interesante".
Dow Corning. Es todavía un entorno económico volátil, pero el año terminó con muchos signos positivos. "
De DuPont. "En el paso a una transición en un ambiente de recesión".
GeorgiaGulf. "Este año va a ser estable algunas áreas, pero decir robusto sería una exageración".
IdemitsuKosan. "La demanda de productos ha mejorado durante nueve meses, dirigido por el paquete de estímulo económico en China".
Johnson Matthey. "La visibilidad sigue siendo limitada en algunos de nuestros mercados, sin embargo el grupo está bien situado para beneficiarse de la recuperación económica".
Kemira. La reducción de costos "ha procedido más rápido de lo previsto y se completará a finales de 2010".
LGChemical. "La demanda de China se espera que sea robusta y que el país continúe con su sólido crecimiento". "
LyondellBasell. "La rentabilidad de las olefinas estaría sujeta a los movimientos de los precios del petróleo, mientras que las perspectivas de los polímeros dependerán en gran medida de la ventana de exportación que EE.UU. mantuvo abierto a Asia."
Occidental."La continua debilidad en vivienda de EE.UU. y los mercados agrícolas marcará el 2010."
OMV. "El rendimiento se vio afectado por volúmenes bajos y los márgenes de ganancia se realizaron en el cuarto trimestre del año pasado".
Polyone. "Los programas de estímulo del Gobierno puede haber ayudado a la economía en la mitad posterior de 2009 y esto no puede continuar este año."
Praxair. "Cautelosamente optimistas de que el crecimiento en los EE.UU. y Europa seguirán mejorando, pero la recuperación sería lenta y deliberada".
Reliance. "Una mejora sustancial en los márgenes globales como la industria operaba en un bajo nivel de inventario, lo que lleva a la comercialización más doméstica".
Rhodia. "Condiciones económicas mundiales han mejorado, pero el crecimiento en Europa sigue siendo incierto."
SABIC. "A medida que mejora la economía mundial durante el año, esperamos que la demanda de nuestros productos mejore".
Shell. "No estamos asumiendo que habrá una recuperación rápida, y las perspectivas para 2010 son inciertas."
SherwinWilliams. Volumen de la demanda en los mercados sigue siendo débil y en toda la industria se redujo de manera significativa".
Sinopec."Mercado de químicos de China en 2010 se enfrentan a retos, como la intensificación de la competencia del mercado, el aumento del proteccionismo comercial y el exceso de capacidad".
Solvay. "Preparado en caso de una larga crisis. Las condiciones del mercado siguen siendo difíciles",
Sumitomo. "Gasto de los consumidores sigue siendo débil en medio de empeoramiento de las condiciones de empleo y la inversión de capital se redujo sustancialmente en el contexto de la caída de las ganancias corporativas."
De Sunoco. "Seguimos esperando que un mercado desafiante, debido a la debilidad económica en curso y el exceso de oferta mundial."
De Unilever. "Presión de la cara en el poder de gasto de los consumidores y mayores niveles de actividad de la competencia."
Unipetrol. "La industria petroquímica está recuperando, pero a un ritmo lento. Es evidente que todavía tenemos tiempos difíciles por delante".
Vitol. "El panorama económico mundial y la dinámica de la demanda de petróleo en el futuro siguen siendo inciertas".
Wacker. "El repunte de la demanda experimentado desde abril de 2009 continuó durante el cuarto trimestre, pero no compensó la caída en las ventas provocada por la crisis económica"
Wednesday, February 17, 2010
Venezuela Petrochemicals Report 2010 - una segunda lectura
Imagen de aca
El gas colombiano es de hecho la mayor fuente de materia prima para los productores de petroquímicos, pero debido a una escacez de gas en Colombia, éste ya no puede ser suministrado a Venezuela.
Me resultó bien interesante hacerle el seguimiento noticioso a todo el asunto del gas colombiano, veamos:
Julio 2004: "El gasoducto, cuya construcción estará a cargo tanto de Ecopetrol como de PDVSA, permitirá en los primeros siete años transportar gas colombiano al occidente venezolano, actualmente con problemas de abastecimiento" fuente
Octubre 2006. "Para el presidente de la Corporación Venezolana de Petróleo(CVP), Eugenio del Pino, al cambiar el combustible líquido (fuel oil) que se utiliza en las plantas termoeléctricas del occidente de Venezuela, por gas colombiano, el país se ahorrará 40 millones de dólares mensuales" fuente
Hasta aquí todo bien, luego en el 2008 empiezan los primeros conflictos Vzla-Colombia, debido a las siguientes declaraciones colombianas:
Marzo 2008. " Los 300 millones de dólares que Chávez donó a las FARC, según las pruebas en las que se ha basado Uribe para anunciar el proceso en la CPI en su contra, deben corresponder, según el mandatario venezolano, "a los 300 millones que invertimos" para la venta de gas colombiano a Venezuela"
Enero 2009. " Venezuela "está preparada" para atender "cualquier eventualidad" que pueda surgir si Colombia corta el suministro de gas dijo hoy el vicepresidente de la estatal Petróleos de Venezuela SA (PDVSA), Asdrúbal Chávez"
Diciembre 2009. "Aunque el presidente de PDVSA, Rafael Ramírez, dijo que es posible prescindir de las compras de gas colombiano. “Si hubiese una interrupción en el suministro estaríamos listos para cambiar a combustible líquido”."
Lo que quiero decir con todo esto, es que el gas colombiano que es suministrado al occidente del país, fue en su tiempo visto como una relación bilateral, un proyecto conjunto. Una vez que las relaciones entre ambos países se calentaron, esto fue usado como arma política, bien para decir, que se es innecesario (cosa totalmente incongruente con el hecho de que PDVSA pagó para construir el gasoducto), o que Colombia "està dispuesta a suplir con gas a Venezuela", claro, este siempre fue el plan, gas para Venezuela hasta 2012, y a partir de ahí, Venezuela a exportar gas a Colombia.
Wednesday, February 10, 2010
Retos futuros de Pequiven 2010-2014
Imagen de aca
1. Menor demanda debido a la crisis mundial.
2. Aumento de la capacidad de producción en todas partes del mundo.
El negocio petroquímico es cíclico, tiene unos puntos altos, donde existe poca capacidad, y los precios suben, y luego mucha capacidad y pocos compradores y los precios bajan. Entre este año y el proximo.
Para el período 2012-2014, se espera que entre Venezuela y Brasil aumenten su producción de polímeros en las siguientes cantidades.
- 1800 TMA de Polietileno (PE), 1000 por parte de PDVSA y el resto por PETROBRAS, actualmente Venezuela produce alrededor de 600 TMA de PE.
- 1250 TMA de Polipropileno, 800 de Brasil, y el resto de Venezuela.
Mundialmente, China va a quintuplicar su producción de poliolefinas, Medio Oriente lo mismo.
Que va a significar esto para Venezuela, márgenes de ganancia más estrechos, incluso algunos períodos con pérdidas.
Existen dos mecanismos para sobrevivir a estos márgenes más estrechos, el primero tener una estructura de costos competitiva, y el segundo tener diferenciación en el mercado.
Venezuela, desde mi punto de vista debe apuntar hacia la primera opción, pero para ello necesita inversión en mano de obra calificada y en investigación. Una vez alcanzado la primera meta, la segunda tiene que ser llevada a cabo sin demora, ya que de otro modo, otros actores tomarán aquellos mercados donde exista la oportunidad.
Monday, February 8, 2010
La verdad sobre las petrocasas
Imagen de aca
El proyecto de las petrocasas siempre me ha llamado la atención, primero porque en Venezuela, a cualquier persona con ganas de invertir en algo quiere hacer casas, como hay tanto déficit de casas, es sumamente fácil hacer de esto un negocio, y así mismo es una necesidad en Venezuela.
Ahora me quiero responder a la pregunta, cuanto PVC se consume en la totalidad del proyecto de las petrocasas y como se compara este con la producción anual de PVC en Venezuela, veamos:
- Una planta de Petrocasas procesa alrededor de 3 toneladas de material por casa.
- Cada casa de petrocasa tiene un valor de aprox 333 euros.
- Un consumo de materia prima de hasta 400kg/hora
Venezuela produce alrededor de 180MTA de PVC (poco mas poco menos, pero redondeamos para los calculos).
Esto da, suponiendo que todo el PVC producido en Venezuela se utiliza para producir casas un total de 60.000 casas.
La meta del proyecto es construir 15.000 casas anuales, usando 30 - 45 MTA de PVC. Por lo que el consumo real de las petrocasas es de un 20% de la producción nacional, cifra nada envidiable, para un proyecto que no aparentó ser muy complicado de implementar.
Para finalizar, está claro que si la capacidad de PVC no aumenta, no será posible aumentar la producción de Petrocasas.
Friday, February 5, 2010
Polipropileno y polietileno en Venezuela
Imagen de aca
Como podemos ver, la proyección del consumo de poliolefinas en Venezuela es claro. El mercado es claramente dominado por el polietileno.
Los productos derivados del polietileno son sumamente variados, junto al PVC y el PP, son los denominados commodities, aquellos que por ser producidos en tan alta cantidad, su precio es sumamente bajo, alrededor 700$/ton.
Lo interesante de esto es que la tasa de crecimiento del PP y PE, es igual, y generalmente el polipropileno tiene una tasa de crecimiento mayor al polietileno. El crecimiento del PE esta ligado al crecimiento del PIB de una nación, mientras que el PP es un poco más innovativo, buscando nuevos mercados a través de nuevas aplicaciones (el gran consumidor de PP son las empresas automotrices). El hecho de que PEQUIVEN plantee el crecimiento del PP igual al del PE me resultó curioso. O se deberían revisar estas cifras o se debería realizar más inversión para seguir las tendencias globales.
Sin embargo el consumo de PVC está previsto que aumente más que el PP y el PE, cosa lógica ya que el consumo de PVC está intimamente ligado a la construcción, Venezuela con un déficit de más de un 1 millón de viviendas, debe construir a toda máquina.
Como dato final, este desarrollo está íntimamente ligado a la construcción de los proyectos enmarcados dentro del plan de desarrollo petroquímico 2010-2013, falta ver si estos proyectos no se completan a su debido tiempo, si estas proyecciones de consumo se cumplen.
Tuesday, January 26, 2010
Nova Braskem y Pequiven
Tal como podemos leer en esta noticia, se ha creado la 8va empresa petroquímica del mundo, cuyo objetivo es ser la quinta compañía del mundo de producción de petroquímicos.
Como dato anecdótico, de la lista de las 10 empresas más grandes de petroquímicos del año 2008, 8 de ellas no existían para el año 1998.
Lo que quiero decir con este dato es que el movimiento de fusiones, adquisiciones en el mundo químico es sumamente movido.
Sumarizando: Braskem, la mayor empresa de petroquímicos de Brasil compró Quattor que era la segunda, y luego de eso, fusionó sus operaciones con la rama petroquímica de Petrobras.
Pequiven actualmente es la fusión de todas las empresas petroquímicas de Venezuela, y aquellas que quedaban rezagadas fueron incluidas con la última ley de la actividad petroquímica.
El tamaño de esta Nova Braskem es mucho mayor al de Pequiven, de hecho, es Braskem la que está construyendo plantas en Venezuela con propilsur y polimerica, y no al revés.
Brasil pareciera estarte afianzando como el gigante de latinoamérica, no sólo en petróleo sino ahora también en petroquímico, queriendo ser ahora un jugador de peso global.
Wednesday, January 20, 2010
PVC en Venezuela
El PVC o polivinilo de cloruro es un polímero con más de 30 años de uso y perfeccionamiento. Específicamente en Venezuela su producción comenzó en el año 1979, y actualmente posee un capacidad instalada de 190 MTA (Que espera duplicarse para el 2013).
La demanda interna de PVC en Venezuela ronda los 200 MTA, lo que significa que no existe mucho margen de maniobra para exportar, aunque cuando los nuevos proyectos estén en línea, Venezuela produciría el doble de PVC que necesita, y aproximadamente un 20% de todo el consumo de latinoamérica.
Sin embargo, en palabras de CONAPRI, el 80% del PVC usado en Venezuela es dedicado a producir en un 80% tuberías.
Si comparamos el uso que se le da en Venezuela con otras áreas del mundo, es claro que existe una gran oportunidad de desarrollo. De hecho, las petrocasas es un buen paso en este sentido.
Perfiles y Empaques son las áreas más obvias donde se deberían orientar las inversiones de transformación aguas abajo de PVC
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